Lega Bwami Ceremonial Hat Hornbill Beak, Africa

Title: Lega Bwami Ceremonial Hat Hornbill Beak, Africa
Type of Object: Hat
Ethnic Group: Lega
Country of Origin: DR Congo
Materials: Vegetal fibre, mussel shells, buttons, bird beak
Approximate Age: Mid 20th century
Dimensions: 9.5 inches H.
Overall Condition: Good
Damage, Repair: Chip, hole to the beak, broken shell

Additional Information: Lega hats reveal status among the Bwami secret society which governs most of Lega life. Known as Mukuba wa Masesa, such hats were worn by Bwami leaders during special events  and served to identify them. In most cases the hats are decorated with parts of animal such as skin, hide, teeth, bird beak.  Animals occupy an important place in Bwami society symbolism. Elephant, pangolin, crocodile, and hornbill are the most  represented. Each levels of the Bwami is identified to an appropriate animal. The Pangolin for instance is associated with the Kindi level.

For a fascinating article with numerous examples, see Elizabeth Cameron's article on Lega Hats in Arnoldi and Kreamer's CROWNING ACHIEVEMENTS-AFRICAN ARTS OF DRESSING THE HEAD.

I have examined this piece and agree with the description
Niangi Batulukisi, PhD